http://iis-exhibits.library.ucla.edu/alhhs/index.html

"Librarians, Archivists, and Museum Professionals in the History of the Health Sciences (LAMPHHS) membership is open to librarians, archivists, and museum professionals with responsibilities for collections and services in the history of the health sciences; antiquarian booksellers; physicians; historians; and others interested in historical health sciences collections."

"The Watermark (ISSN 1553-7641) is the quarterly publication of Librarians, Archivists, and Museum Professionals in the History of the Health Sciences (LAMPHHS). It was founded in 1976 to serve as the newsletter of the Association of Librarians in the History of the Health Sciences (ALHHS), but changed its subtitle in 1992 when ALHHS changed its name. It changed the subtitle again in 2020 when ALHHS and MeMA merged to become LAMPHHS. OCLC records are #11902760 (1976-1992) and #40676801 (1992-present)."

The website includes the digital archive of all issues of The Watermark from Vol. 1, No. 1 (1976) to Vol. 44, No. 4 (2021), and subsequent issues.

Translated into English by George Haywood as Artistic anatomy of animals (London: Baillière, Tindall & Cox., 1904. Digital facsimile of the 1903 edition from the Hathi Trust at this link, of the English translation from the Internet Archive at this link.

Davis instrumental in the establishment of the American Medical Association and was twice elected its president. He became the first editor of the Journal of the American Medical Association. He was a founder of the Chicago Medical College and also a founder of Northwestern University. Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.

The first history of the American Medical Association, founded in 1847, written by one of its chief founders. Digital facsimile from Hathi Trust at this link.

The first bibliography of historical medical literature in Portuguese. The preliminary leaves evaluate the status of medical history and bibliography. Part 1 describes the history of medicine to 1600; part 2, its history from 1600 to 1731; the third, its history from 1731 to 1783. Each is a narrative with copious annotations, including bibliographical citations. The work was based on Portal’s Histoire de l’anatomie et de la chirurgie, Paris 1770-1773, but has substantial additions on Portuguese medicine and on the years 1773-1783. Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link. 

A remarkable survey of medical education in the U.S. at the time, with a thorough analysis of the different medical schools and the courses they offered, and an extensively annotated bibliography of 195 recommended medical books published in America in English or English translation. Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link.

Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.

Includes the first clear account of chicken pox as a distinct disease, and the first distinction between the spots made by flea bites from those seen in eruptive fevers.

"During this era of rampant sectarianism in medicine, doctors frequently became dishonest or abusive as they competed for patients. To deal with this situation, the American Medical Association adopted [in 1847] a code of professional ethics. Hooker wrote a book-length commentary on this code, Physician and Patient.... Published in 1849, this book was the only comprehensive monograph about medical ethics written by an American during the nineteenth century....Reviewers praised Physician and Patient for its balanced analysis of the ethical responsibilities of both physicians and patients" (Chester Burns in ANB 11, 139-140). Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link. 

Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.

One of the most comprehensive studies of disease in India during the mid-19th century; includes 556 case reports. Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link

Mosso conducted experiments with special equipment, which he devised to suit the requirements of the studies. He pursued two main lines of research: the analysis of motor functions and the relationship between physiological and psychic phenomena. Translated into English from the fifth edition in Italian by E. Lough and F. Kesow as Fear, London: Longmans..., 1896. Digital facsimile of the 1884 edition from Google Books at this link; of the English translation from the Internet Archive at this link.

Rauch, Secretary of the Illinois State Board of Health, was responsible for compiling and publishing this detailed report. It was the most important and comprehensive summary of American, and Canadian medical education published before the Flexner report of 1910.

"From the sixteenth century onwards, medical strategies adopted by the seriously ill and dying changed radically, decade by decade, from the Elizabethan age of astrological medicine to the emergence of the general practitioner in the early eighteenth century. It is this profound revolution, in both medical and religious terms, as whole communities' hopes for physical survival shifted from God to the doctor, that this book charts. Drawing on more than eighteen thousand probate accounts, it identifies massive increases in the consumption of medicines and medical advice by all social groups and in almost all areas. Most importantly, it examines the role of the towns in providing medical services to rural areas and hinterlands [using the diocese of Canterbury as a particular focus], and demonstrates the extending ranges of physicians', surgeons' and apothecaries' businesses. It also identifies a comparable revolution in community nursing, from its unskilled status in 1600 to a more exclusive one by 1700" (publisher).

http://sloaneletters.com/

"A pilot of this project, Sir Hans Sloane’s Correspondence Online, was first launched at the University of Saskatchewan in 2010 to coincide with the 350th anniversary of Sir Hans Sloane’s birth. The project was renamed The Sloane Letters Project when it moved to this site in 2016.

The correspondence of Sir Hans Sloane (1660-1753) consists of thirty-eight volumes held at the British Library, London: MSS 4036-4069, 4075-4078.  The letters are a rich source of information about topics such as scientific discourse, collections of antiquities, curiosities and books, patients’ illnesses, medical treatments and family history. Most of the letters were addressed to Sloane, but a few volumes were addressed to others (MSS 4063-4067) or written by Sloane (MSS 4068-4069).

So far, we have entered descriptions and metadata for Sloane MSS 4036-4053 and 4075, as well as several letters from each of the following: Sloane MSS 4054-4055, 4066, 4068-4069 and 4076. Several of these entries also include transcriptions. Further entries and transcriptions are being made available gradually.

Please, explore the website and database. You can search through the letters, learn about Sir Hans Sloane or the letters written to him, and peruse blog posts about interesting letters!"

Mead based her study primarily on adolescent girls on the island of Ta'u in the Samoan Islands. The book detailed the sexual life of teenagers in Samoan society in the early 20th century, and theorized that culture has a leading influence on psychosexual development. Later editions revised the title to better reflect the content: Coming of age in Samoa: A study of adolescents and sex in primitive societies.

1077 pages.

"What are the health consequences of switching from an active 'hunter-gatherer' lifestyle to that of sedentary modern living? Here, the impact of 'modernisation' in circumpolar peoples is assessed. The hazards to humans of living in polar regions, and the effect of changes in habitual activity, diet, and general lifestyle due to more urban living patterns are investigated. This work has far-reaching implications for the survival of indigenous communities around the world, and for all of us living an increasingly sedentary, urban lifestyle." 

"The authors assess the impact of "modernization" on various populations in the circumpolar regions. They examine the adaptations shown culturally, behaviorally, and physically by the indigenous peoples, and discuss the effect of changes in habitual activity, diet, and general life style due to more urban living patterns on body composition, pulmonary function and susceptibility to disease" (publisher).

Probably the first book published on "digital health."

"This book presents a comprehensive state-of the-art approach to digital health technologies and practices within the broad confines of healthcare practices. It provides a canvas to discuss emerging digital health solutions, propelled by the ubiquitous availability of miniaturized, personalized devices and affordable, easy to use wearable sensors, and innovative technologies like 3D printing, virtual and augmented reality and driverless robots and vehicles including drones. One of the most significant promises the digital health solutions hold is to keep us healthier for longer, even with limited resources, while truly scaling the delivery of healthcare.

"Digital Health: Scaling Healthcare to the World addresses the emerging trends and enabling technologies contributing to technological advances in healthcare practice in the 21st Century. These areas include generic topics such as mobile health and telemedicine, as well as specific concepts such as social media for health, wearables and quantified-self trends. Also covered are the psychological models leveraged in design of solutions to persuade us to follow some recommended actions, then the design and educational facets of the proposed innovations, as well as ethics, privacy, security, and liability aspects influencing its acceptance. Furthermore, sections on economic aspects of the proposed innovations are included, analyzing the potential business models and entrepreneurship opportunities in the domain" (publisher).

An exceptionally thorough manual on dissection, dressing skeletons, and creating "anatomical preparations," and embalming. Digital facsimile from BnFGallica at this link.

Published in fascicules beginning in 1870. Includes 22 original mounted albumen photographs by Montméja illustrating chapters on cataract, iridectomy, strabismus, eyelids, and lacrymal passages. There are also 190 wood engravings by Badoureau after drawings by Léveillé. Digital facsimile from BnF Gallica at this link. 

Translated into English as A new voyage into the northern countries being a discription of the manners, customs, superstition, buildings, and habits of the Norwegians, Laponians, Kilops, Borandians, Siberians, Samojedes, Zemblans, and Islanders : with reflexions upon an error in our geographers about the scituation and extent of Greenland and Nova Zembla. (London: Printed for John Starkey, 1674). Digital facsimile of the 1671 edition from the Internet Archive at this link. Full text of the 1674 edition from umich.edu at this link.

How medical knowledge and experience gained during the U.S. Civil War advanced the development of American medicine after the war ended.

Written and beautifully designed and produced by Tom Taylor in an edition limited to 500 copies. Includes many fine color plates.

Digital facsimile from BnFGallica at this link.

Hamilton detailed the symptoms of poisoning, records of successful use of the plant, and a description of its homeopathic uses. Finely illustrated with hand-colored plates, mostly by Henry Sowerby and his sister Charlotte. Digital facsimile from Biodiversity Heritage Library at this link.

Separate edition: New York: Baker, Godwin & Co, 1854. Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link.

Vitet was a medical doctor who later became mayor of Lyon. Baas, Outlines of the history of medicine III, 716 writes that he "introduced the experimental method into veterinary medicine."  Volume 3 contains both an analysis of available medications and their applications and an analytical bibliography, with unusually long notes, of prior writings on veterinary medicine. Digital facsimiles of the set from the Hathi Trust at this link.

The first medical text exclusively devoted to sexuality, though Kaan's views reflected religious, and other prejudices of the time. Digital facsimile of the 1844 edition from staatsbibliothek-berlin.de at this link.

Translated into English by Melissa Haynes, edited by Benjamin Kahan, as Heinrich Kaan's "Psychopathia Sexualis" (1844). Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2016.  "Heinrich Kaan's fascinating work—part medical treatise, part sexual taxonomy, part activist statement, and part anti-onanist tract—takes us back to the origins of sexology. He links the sexual instinct to the imagination for the first time, creating what Foucault called "a unified field of sexual abnormality." Kaan's taxonomy consists of six sexual aberrations: masturbation, pederasty, lesbian love, necrophilia, bestiality, and the violation of statues. Kaan not only inaugurated the field of sexology, but played a significant role in the regimes of knowledge production and discipline about psychiatric and sexual subjects. As Benjamin Kahan argues in his Introduction, Kaan's text crucially enables us to see how homosexuality replaced masturbation as the central concern of Euro-American sexual regulation...." (publisher).

Widely considered the first uses of chemotherapy for the treatment of malignant diseases.

General Mennessier de la Lance was former commander of the 3rd division of cavalry in France. His comprehensive bio-bibliography on all things equestrian includes veterinary medicine. William Osler published a  very complimentary review of this work in Veterinary Review, 2, No. 1 (1918). Digital facsimile of the review from the Internet Archive at this link.

Second edition, Paris: Institut Agronomique, 1991. Digital facsimile of the 1810 edition from BnFGallica at this link.

Digital facsimile from BnFGallica at this link.

Digital facsimile of the 1910 edition from Biodiversity Heritage Library at this link.

Edition of the Mulomedicina in Codex Monacensis Latinus 243 saec. xv, a translation in vulgar Latin (by Claudis Hermeros?) of a Greek treatise. In the subscriptions of books 1 and 2, 9, 10, "Chiron Centaurus", "Chiron Centaurus et Absyrtus" and "Claudius Hermeros veterinarius" are respectively named as authors. The Mulomedicina Chironis is the main source for Vegetius' Mulomedicina. Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.

Prusiner won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1997 for his work in proposing a completely novel explanation for the cause of bovine spongiform encephalopathy ("mad cow disease") and its human equivalent, Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease.

To describe the cause of the disease in this paper published on April 9, 1982 Prusiner coined the term prion, which comes from the words "proteinaceous" and "infectious," to refer to a previously undescribed form of infection, due to protein misfolding, with no DNA or RNA involved. This new concept "violated all the rules" and failed to convince the scientific community, most of whom initially thought that Prusiner was "totally insane."

Includes archival materials.

"In his Prae-Adamitae, published in Latin in 1655 and in English as Men Before Adam in 1656, La Peyrère argued that Paul's words in Chapter 5, verses 12-14 of his Epistle to the Romans should be interpreted such that "if Adam sinned in a morally meaningful sense there must have been an Adamic law according to which he sinned. If law began with Adam, there must have been a lawless world before Adam, containing people".^[4] Thus, according to La Peyrère there must have been two creations: first the creation of the Gentiles and then that of Adam, who was father of the Jews. The existence of pre-Adamites, La Peyrère argued, explained Cain's life after Abel's murder which, in the Genesis account, involved the taking of a wife and the building of a city. This account of human origins became the basis for 19th century theories of polygenism and modern racism. This polygenesis of the Gentiles was his method of explaining the existence of the Negroes, Chinese, Eskimos, American Indians, Malays and other people groups being discovered.^[5]

"La Peyrère's contentions were soundly refuted by Protestant, Jewish and Catholic authorities. In 1656 after a storm of indignation the Prae-Adamitae was publicly burned in Paris and La Peyrère was imprisoned briefly during a visit to the Catholic Spanish Netherlands, but was released after he supposedly recanted.

"In 19th-century Europe polygenism and Pre-Adamism were attractive to those intent on demonstrating the inferiority of non-Western peoples, while in the United Statesthose attuned to racial theories who found it unattractive to contemplate a common history with non-Whites, such as Charles Caldwell, Josiah C. Nott and Samuel G. Morton, also rejected the view that non-whites were the descendants of Adam. Morton combined pre-Adamism with cranial measurements to construct a theory of racial difference that justified slavery" (Wikipedia article on Isaac La Peyrere, accessed 03-2018).

Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link.

Digital facsimile of vol. 1 and limited (search only) of vol. 2-4 from the Hathi Trust at this link.

Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.

Digital facsimile from the Hathi Trust at this link.

"The subject of saddles and sore backs [of horses] is such an important one that I have considered the lectures delivered by me on the subject, in this school, might be of more permanent value if printed.

"Every officer, non-commissioned officer and man, should be instructed in saddle-fitting, to recognise the various causes of injury, and how to remedy them.

"I have divided my subject under four heads:-

"The Anatomy and Physiology of the Back.

"The Saddle

"Fitting the Saddle

"Sore Backs, how they are caused, prevented and remedied." (Introduction).

Through at least World War I horses were so strategic for the British Army that the author, Sir Frederick Smith, reached the rank of Major General as head of the veterinary corps.

Digital facsimile the 1897 edition from the Internet Archive at this link.

http://www.histoire-medecine-veterinaire.fr/

http://www.histoire-medecine-veterinaire.fr/en/

Bourgelat, a French lawyer, observed that certain diseases were devastating French herds, and forsaking his law practice, devoted his time to seeking out a remedy for the epizootic (rinderpest). In the process Bourgelat founded the first veterinary college in the world at Lyons in 1761. Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.

Digital facsimile from BnFGallica at this link.

Bourgelat founded the first veterinary school in Lyon, 1761. He later developed the French system of veterinary schools. Digital facsimile from BnFGallica at this link.

Digital facsimile from Bayerische StaatsBibliothek at this link.

Mead formulated the position that periodic atmospheric tides arising from planetary forces produced alterations of gravity, elasticity, and air pressure; these changes, he argued, affected the human body in health and disease. Mesmer's disseration, which originated animal magnetism, was largely a plagiarism of Mead's work. Translated into English by Thomas Stack "under the author's inspection" as A treatise concerning the influence of the sun and moon upon human bodies, and the diseases thereby produced (London, 1748).

Digital facsimile of the 1704 edition from Google Books at this link, of the English translation at this link. See Frank A. Pattie, "Mesmer's medical dissertation and its debt to Mead's De imperio solis ac lunae," Journal of the History of Medicine & Allied Sciences, (1956) 275-287. 

In this early study, written in the form of a letter to his friend and mentor Imperial Physician, Nicolaus Florenas, who had encouraged him to study medicine, Vesalius reported his study of the venous system of the human body, motivated by the need to determine where to bleed in the treatment of disease. At this time venesection was, of course, a mainstream therapy. Translated into English by John B. de C. M. Saunders and Charles Donald O'Malley as The bloodletting letter of 1539. An annotated translation and study of the evolution of Vesalius's scientific development (New York: H. Schuman, [1947]). Digital facsimile of the 1539 edition from Google Books at this link, of the English translation from the Hathi Trust at this link.

Focuses on the period of the Second Spanish Republic, 1931-1939.

Fries's work represents the beginning of mycological nomenclature. Digital facsimile from Biodiversity Heritage Library at this link.

Argues that the psycho-active ingredient in the secret kykeion potion used in the Eleusinian mysteries was most likely the ergotism causing fungus Claviceps purpurea. Furthermore the book introduced the term "entheogen" as an alternative for terms such as "psychedelic", "hallucinogen" and "drug" that can be misleading in certain contexts.

Micheli provided descriptions of 1900 plants, including first published descriptions of about 1400. Among those were 900 fungi and lichens, accompanied by 73 plates. He included information on "the planting, origin and growth of fungi, mucors, and allied plants", and was the first to point out that fungi have reproductive bodies or spores. He observed that when spores were placed on slices of melon the same type of fungi were produced that the spores came from, and from this observation he noted that fungi did not arise from spontaneous generation. He also formulated a systematic classification system with keys for genera and species (Wikipedia). Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link.

Second, updated edition: Maklen, MA: Blackwell, 2005.

"Through a detailed analysis of exterior and interior images of the female body, this book examines the relationship between human reproduction and cultural representation from 1750-1910. With examples drawn from medical archives, covering engraving, photography, radiography, and microscopy, the book is interdisciplinary in approach, ranging across feminist theory, history of medicine, philosophy of science, and the history of photography" (publisher).

The first separate monograph on the dodo, an extinct flightless bird that was endemic to the island of Mauritius, east of Madagascar in the Indian Ocean. "The closest genetic relative to the dodo was the also extinct Rodrigues solitaire, the two forming the subfamily Raphinae of the family of pigeons and doves. The closest living relative of the dodo is the Nicobar pigeon" (Wikipedia).  Strickland was run over by a train at the age of 42. Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link. 

1. "1833, Natural History of Humming Birds, Part I, (Ornithology Vol. VI) by William Jardine, with memoir of Carl Linnaeus. (online)
2. 1833, Monkeys, (Mammalia Vol. I) by William Jardine, with a memoir of Comte de Buffon (online)
3. Humming Birds Part II, (Ornithology Vol. VII) by William Jardine, with a memoir of Thomas Pennant. (online)
4. 1834, The Natural History of the Felinae, (lions, tigers etc.) (Mammalia Vol. II) by William Jardine, with a memoir of Georges Cuvier. (online)
5. 1834, The Natural History of Gallinaceous birds, (peacocks, pheasants, turkeys, etc.) (Ornithology Vol. III), by William Jardine, with a memoir of Aristotle. (online)
6. 1835, The Natural History of Fishes of the Perch family, (Ichthyology Vol. I), by William Jardine, with a memoir of Sir Joseph Banks. (online)
7. 1835, British Butterflies, (Entomology Vol. III) by James Duncan, with a memoir of Abraham Gottlob Werner.(online)
8. 1836, The Natural History of Parrots, (Ornithology Vol. VI), by Prideaux John Selby, with plates by Edward Lear and a memoir of Thomas Bewick.
9. 1836, Mammalia: Pachydermes, Vol. V., by William Jardine, with a Memoir of Sir Hans Sloane. (online)
10. 1836: Entomology: British Moths, Sphinxes, &c., Vol. IV., by James Duncan, with a Memoir of Madam Maria Sibylla Merian (online)
11. 1837, Mammalia: On the Ordinary Cetacea or Whales, Vol. VI, by William Jardine, with a Memoir of Bernard Germain de Lacépède. (online)
12. 1837. The Natural History of Foreign Butterflies, Entomology, Vol. V., by James Duncan, with a Memoir of Jean-Baptiste Lamarck. (online)
13. 1837. The Natural History of the Birds of Western Africa, Vol. II., Ornithology, Vol. VIII, by William John Swainson, with a Memoir of François Levaillant. (online)
14. 1838. The Natural History of the Birds of Great Britain and Ireland, Part I. Birds of Prey. Ornithology, Vol. IX., by William Jardine, with a memoir of Sir Robert Sibbald. (online)
15. 1844, The Natural History of Game Birds, Vol. XXI, (Ornithology Vol. XIII), by William Jardine, with a memoir of Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles (online)
16. 1852, Natural History of Beetles, Vol. XXXV, (Entomology), by James Duncan, with a memoir of John Ray. (online)
17. Pigeons, (Ornithology Vol. IX), by Prideaux John Selby, with a memoir of Pliny the Elder. (online)
18. 1866, Mammalia: Deer, Antelopes, Camels, &c., Vol. XXI, by William Jardine, with a Memoir of Petrus Camper. (online)
19. 1866, Mammalia: Goats, Sheep, Oxen, &C, Vol. XXII, by William Jardine, with a Memoir of John Hunter. (online)
20. 1866, Ornithology: Parrots, Vol. X, by Prideaux John Selby, with a Memoir of Thomas Bewick. (online)
21. 1862. Ornithology: Birds of Western Africa, Part I, Vol. XI., by William John Swainson, with a Memoir of James Bruce. (online)
22. 1838, Flycatchers or Muscicapidae, The Natural Arrangement and Relations, Thirty-three Coloured Plates, Vol.X, by William John Swainson, with Portrait and Memoir of Albrecht von Haller. (online)
23. 1838, British Quadrupeds, A History of, by William MacGillivray, with a Portrait and Memoir of Ulysses Aldrovandi. (online)
24. 1839, Amphibious Carnivora; including the Walrus and Seals, and the Herbivorous Cetacea, Mermaids, &c., Vol.VII by Robert Hamilton, with Portrait and Memoir of François Péron. (online)
25. 1866, Birds of Great Britain and Ireland, Part II., Vol.II Ornithology, edited by William Jardine, with Portrait and Memoir of William Smellie. (online)
26. 1839, Dogs, Canidae or Genus Canis of Authors, including The Genera Hyaena and Proteles, Vol. I., Mammalia Vol.IX, by Lieut-Col. Chas Hamilton Smith, with Portrait and Memoir of Peter Simon Pallas. (online)
27. 1859, Entomology. Bees. Vol.XXXIV Edited by William Jardine, with a Portrait and Memoir of François Huber. (online)
28. 1843, Ichthyology. Fishes, particularly their Structure and Economical Uses, &c, by John Stevenson Bushnan, with Portrait and Memoir of Hippolito Salviani. (online)
29. 1840, Dogs, Canidae or Genus Canis of Authors, including The Genera Hyaena and Proteles, Vol. II., Mammalia Vol.X, by Lieut-Col. Chas Hamilton Smith, with Portrait and Memoir of Don Felix D'azara. (online)
30. 1840, Introduction to Entomology, Vol.I, by James Duncan, with Memoirs of John Swammerdam and Charles De Geer, and Portrait of the latter. (online)
31. 1841, Marsupialia or Pouched Animals, Mammalia Vol. XI, by G. R. Waterhouse, with a Memoir and Portrait of Dr. John BarClay. (online)
32. 1841, Horses. The Equidae or Genus Equus of Authors. Mammalia XII, by Lieut-Col. Chas Hamilton SmithThirty-five Coloured Plates, with Portrait and Memoir of Conrad Gessner. (online)
33. 1841. Ichthyology. Fishes of Guiana, Part I., Vol.III, by Robert H. Schomburgk with an autobiographical Portrait and Account, together with his Voyages and Travels. (online)
34. 1841, Entomology. Exotic Moths, Vol. VII, by James Duncan, with Portrait and Memoir of Pierre André Latreille. (online)
35. 1842, Birds of Great Britain and Ireland, Part III. Rasores and Grallatores, Vol.III Ornithology, edited by William Jardine, with Portrait and Memoir of John Walker, D.D. (online)
36. 1842, An Introduction to Mammalia, Vol.XIII, by Lieut Col Charles Hamilton Smith with Portrait and Memoir of Dru Drury. (online)
37. 1864, Nectarinidae, or Sun-Birds, by William Jardine, with a Portrait and Memoir of Francis Willughby. (online)
38. 1860, Ichthyology. British Fishes, Vol. XXXVI. Part. I, by Robert Hamilton, with a Portrait and Memoir of William Rondelet. (online)
39. 1833, Ichthyology. British Fishes, Vol. XXXVII. Part. II, by Robert Hamilton, with Portrait and Memoir of Alexander von Humboldt. (online)
40. 1843. Ichthyology. Fishes of Guiana, Part II., by Robert H. Schomburgk with, Portrait and Memoir of John Lewis Burckhardt. (online)
41. 1860, Birds of Great Britain and Ireland, Part IV, by William Jardine, with a Portrait and Memoir of Alexander Wilson, D.D. (online)" 

"Jardine made natural history available to all levels of Victorian society by editing the hugely popular forty volumes of The Naturalist's Library (1833–1843) issued and published by his brother in law, the Edinburgh printer and engraver, William Home Lizars.^[11] The series was divided into four main sections: Ornithology (14 volumes), Mammalia (13 volumes), Entomology (7 volumes), and Ichthyology (6 volumes); each prepared by a leading naturalist. James Duncan wrote the insect volumes. The artists responsible for the illustrations included Edward Lear. The work was published in Edinburgh by W. H. Lizars." (Wikipedia article on William Jardine, accessed 03-2018).

The first comprehensive account of the development of hospitals in England and Wales from the early nineteenth century down to the establishment of the English National Health Service.

The author, a professor of Kinesiology and Health Education at the University of Texas at Austin, is a powerlifter who was once considered the strongest woman in the world.

Digital facsimile from Bayerische StaatsBibliothek at this link.

First description of lymphangitis carcinomatosa. See L. Doyle, "Gabriel Andral (1797-1876) and the first reports of lymphangitis carcinomatosa," Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, 82 (1989) 491-93.

https://www.nlm.nih.gov/pubs/plan/lrp17/NLM_StrategicReport2017_2027.html

"The strategic plan focuses on three essential, interdependent goals that will help guide the Library’s priorities over the next 10 years as it pursues its mission of collecting and integrating an expanding set of information resources, enabling them to be analyzed by tools emerging from the informatics and data science research front. Those goals are to:

1. Accelerate discovery and advance health through data-driven research;

2. Reach more people in more ways through enhanced dissemination and engagement; and

3. Build a workforce for data- driven research and health."

Includes both anatomical engravings and engraving that relate to astrological influences. Digital facsimile from the Hathi Trust at this link.

Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.

Mathews was a surgeon employed by the Hudson's Bay Company. "York Factory was a settlement and Hudson's Bay Company (HBC) factory (trading post) located on the southwestern shore of Hudson Bay in northeastern Manitoba, Canada at the mouth of the Hayes River, approximately 200 kilometres (120 mi) south-southeast of Churchill. York Factory was one of the first fur-trading posts established by the HBC, built in 1684 and used in that business for more than 270 years. The settlement was headquarters of the HBC's Northern Department from 1821 to 1873" (Wikipedia). Digital facsimile from Early Canadiana Online at this link.

"... Lux takes issue with the 'biological invasion' theory of the impact of disease on Plains Aboriginal people. She challenges the view that Aboriginal medicine was helpless to deal with the diseases brought by European newcomers and that Aboriginal people therefore surrendered their spirituality to Christianity. Biological invasion, Lux argues, was accompanied by military, cultural, and economic invasions, which, combined with the loss of the bison herds and forced settlement on reserves, led to population decline. The diseases killing the Plains people were not contagious epidemics but the grinding diseases of poverty, malnutrition, and overcrowding.

"Medicine That Walks" provides a grim social history of medicine over the turn of the century. It traces the relationship between the ill and the well, from the 1880s when Aboriginal people were perceived as a vanishing race doomed to extinction, to the 1940s when they came to be seen as a disease menace to the Canadian public. Drawing on archival material, ethnography, archaeology, epidemiology, ethnobotany, and oral histories, Lux describes how bureaucrats, missionaries, and particularly physicians explained the high death rates and continued ill health of the Plains people in the quasi-scientific language of racial evolution that inferred the survival of the fittest. The Plains people's poverty and ill health were seen as both an inevitable stage in the struggle for 'civilization' and as further evidence that assimilation was the only path to good health." (publisher)

"Moerman places the words "Placebo effect" in quotations because he believes that the placebo effect should be redefined. A placebo, he explains is inert. It has no causal effect. A more appropriate definition of the placebo effect he asserts is the "meaning response."

"It is because of our beliefs and the meaning we assocate with a placebo that determines its effectiveness. Despite this simple formula for determining who will respond to a placebo, it is not a very good predictor for a given individual at a given time. Studies show that there is no method to determine which individuals will respond to a placebo. Attempts have been made to remove placebo responders from studies. Occasionally, researchers will conduct a precursor trial run with a completely unrelated substance to indentify those who might respond to a placebo in an effort to cull these responders from the "real study". These attempts have been futile.

"No reliable indicators have ever been found that identify individual placebo responders. In fact, a person who responds to a placebo in one study has no increased likely hood of responding to a placebo in subsequent studies. More remarkably, if one eliminates the approximately one third of the populace who initially respond to a given placebo, the remaining group will contain about the same proportion of responders in subsequent studies" (David J. Kreiter).

Valuable for its detailed, but highly compressed discussion of the earliest history of these subjects, co-authored by Lederberg, who played a significant role during that period.

D'Hérrelle cited several actual reports of successful treatment of bacterial infections by the injection of bacteriophages in animals and humans. These may be considered early attempts at direct gene transfer in vivo (Wolff & Lederberg p. 11). The advent of antibiotics discouraged further investigation in this direction. Translated into English by George H. Smith as The bacteriophage: Its role in immunity. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, 1922. Digital facsimile of the 1921 edition from Google Books at this link, of the English translation at this link.

"This novel has been inspirational for several generations of pre-medical and medical students. There is much agonizing along the way concerning career and life decisions. While detailing Arrowsmith's pursuit of the noble ideals of medical research for the benefit of mankind and of selfless devotion to the care of patients, Lewis throws many less noble temptations and self-deceptions in Arrowsmith's path. The attractions of financial security, recognition, even wealth and power distract Arrowsmith from his original plan to follow in the footsteps of his first mentor, Max Gottlieb, a brilliant but abrasive bacteriologist.

"In the course of the novel Lewis describes many aspects of medical training, medical practice, scientific research, scientific fraud, medical ethics, public health, and of personal/professional conflicts that are still relevant today. Professional jealousy, institutional pressures, greed, stupidity, and negligence are all satirically depicted, and Arrowsmith himself is exasperatingly self-involved. But there is also tireless dedication, and respect for the scientific method and intellectual honesty...."

"The book's climax deals with Arrowsmith's discovery of a phage that destroys bacteria and his experiences as he faces an outbreak of bubonic plague on a fictional Caribbean island."

"Martin Arrowsmith shares some biographical elements with Félix d'Herelle, who is identified in the novel as a co-discoverer of the bacteriophage and represented as having beaten Arrowsmith into publication with his results" (selections from Wikipedia article on Arrowsmith, accessed 4-2018).

This novel was "groundbreaking with its treatment of the contentious theme of medical ethics. It has been credited with laying the foundation in Great Britain for the introduction of the NHS a decade later.^[1] 

"For his fifth book, Dr. Cronin drew on his experiences practising medicine in the coal mining communities of the South Wales Valleys, as he had for The Stars Look Down two years earlier. Specifically, he had researched and reported on the correlation between coal dust inhalation and lung disease in the town of Tredegar. He had also worked as a doctor for the Tredegar Medical Aid Society at the Cottage Hospital, which served as the model for the National Health Service" (Wikipedia article on The Citadel (novel) accessed 04-2018).

Though he may be most widely remembered as a novelist--especially for Robinson Crusoe, Defoe was an English trader, writer of non-fiction as well as fiction, journalist, pamphleteer and spy.  This book is an account of one man's experiences in 1665, the year in which the bubonic plague struck London. Published under the initials H.F., Daniel Defoe, who was only five years old in 1665, may have based it on the journals of his uncle, Henry Foe. "Whether the Journal can properly be regarded as a novel has been disputed.^[1] It was initially read as a work of non-fiction,^[2] but by the 1780s the work's fictional status was accepted. Debate continued as to whether Defoe could be regarded as the work's author rather than merely its editor.^[2] One modern literary critic has asserted that 'the invented detail is... small and inessential', while Watson Nicholson – writing in 1919 – argued that the work can be regarded as 'authentic history'.^[3] Other literary critics have argued that the work can indeed be regarded as a work of imaginative fiction, and thus can justifiably be described as a 'historical novel' (Wikipedia article on A Journal of the Plague Year, accessed 04-2018). Digital facsimile from the Hathi Trust at this link.