Wharton described the duct of the submaxillary salivary gland (“Wharton’s duct”). He described the thyroid more accurately than his predecessors, naming it. He also described “Wharton’s jelly” of the umbilical cord (pp.243-44). Wharton explained the role of saliva in mastication and digestion, but provided erroneous explanations for the functions of the adrenals and thyroid. Adenographia gave the first thorough account of the glands of the human body, which Wharton classified as excretory, reductive, and nutrient. He differentiated the viscera from the glands and explained their relationship. Wharton was one of the few physicians to remain in London during the plague of 1666.