Harry Most led the development of chloroquine for use in treating American troops suffering from malaria. At the beginning of the American involvement in the war there were more American casualties from malaria than from enemy fire, but by the end of the campaign in the Pacific, at least partly because of the administration of chloroquine, malaria was largely under control.

Clinical trials of chloroquine. With  Charles A. Kane,  Edmund F. Schroeder, and Joseph M. Hayman, Jr. See also J. Amer. med Assoc., 1946, 130, 1069.