Snow, the first specialist in anesthesiology, delivered Queen Victoria with the aid of chloroform in 1853 and 1857. This work was edited for publication after Snow's premature death by Richardson, who included a biography of Snow. Snow's final book, which consisted of 538pp. compared to only 88pp. in his first book on anesthesia published in 1847, put the administration of chloroform and ether on a scientific basis. Snow also investigated amylene, which he was the first to administer. Digital facsimile of William T. G. Morton's copy in the Countway Library of Medicine from the Internet Archive at this link.

Imaginative outline for an utopian city of 100,000 people which Richardson, as public health reformer, hoped would reduce mortality to five per thousand in two generations. Includes details of the laying out of streets - with subway trains beneath - down to their paving and camber. Housing, Richardson planned to be entirely above ground; with impermeable brickwork, but laid with removable wedges that allowed cavity air to be flushed or heated. Interior walls and arched ceilings, Richardson planned to be made of glazed brickwork, allowing the complete interior to be washed down with water. As in other garden cities, Richardson placed factories, sanitation works, abbatoirs, etc. some distance from the city, and trades such as tailoring, shoe-making, lacework, he removed from homes to convenient blocks of offices and workrooms. He planned small, almost portable, model hospitals every few blocks, with the insane, infirm and incapacitated to be cared for in houses indistinguishable from the houses of healthy people. Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.

Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.

Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.

Chadwick may be said to have initiated the public health era. Largely through his efforts the Public Health Act 1848 came into existence in England. He was the greatest sanitarian of the 19th century; among other things he was responsible for the introduction of glazed earthenware pipes for drains. See also R. A. Lewis’s Edwin Chadwick and the public health movement, 1832-54, London, 1952.  Digital facsimile of the 1887 work from the Internet Archive at this link.

Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link.

Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.