History of the 1889 Supreme Court case that legalized the licensing of physicians in the U.S. and the impact of that decision on the subsequent development of this nation's unique medical system.

An entirely etched book of 40 leaves, drawn and etched by Fialetti, this was probably the first printed manual on drawing the human body, as distinct from earlier manuals on anatomy for artists. For further information see the entry at HistoryofInformation.com at this link. Digital facsimile from the Getty Research institute, Internet Archive, at this link.

The catalogue of the private library of the Augsburg physician Jeremias Martius may be the earliest printed catalogue of any private library. It is possible that only one copy survived.

Balmis conducted experimental trials on the effectiveness of two Mexican plants, agave and begonia, which were believed, according to folk medicine practices in Mexico, to cure syphilis and scrofula. The trials confirmed that the plants were ineffective. He published the results in a deluxe book with two handsome hand-colored plates.

On November 30, 1803 Spanish physician Francisco Javier de Balmis and his team embarked from Spain, on an expedition to vaccinate the people of Spanish America against smallpox. This three year voyage, which became known as the Balmis Expedition, is considered the first international health care expedition. Of it Edward Jenner wrote, " I don’t imagine the annals of history furnish an example of philanthropy so noble, so extensive as this." On the ship Maria Pita Balmis sailed with a deputy surgeon, two assistants, two first-aid practitioners, three nurses, Isabel López de Gandalia, the rectoress of Casa de Expósitos, an orphanage in La Coruña, and 22 orphan boys, eight to ten years old, who served as successive carriers of the disease. The mission carried the vaccine to the Canary Islands, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Mexico, the Philippines and China. The ship carried also scientific instruments and copies of Balmis's translation into Spanish of Traité historique et pratique de la vaccine (1801) by Jacques-Louis Moreau de la Sarthe. Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.

From the end of the Vietnam War to the year 2000.

From the American revolution to 1994.

Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.

Available as a PDF from www.history.army.mil at this link.

Second edition, Mexico, 1595: Summa y recopilacion de cirugia, con un arte para sangrar, y examen de barberos ... va añadido en esta segunda impresion el origen ... de las reumas. López de Hinojos was a barber-surgeon working at the Hospital Real de los Naturales in Mexico City. He learned from his native assistants to use more than 50 local plants, some of which he endorsed In his book. Digital facsimile of an incomplate copy of the 1595 edition from the Internet Archive at this link.

Inspired by the success of Acosta’s Natural History, Gumilla wrote lush descriptions of native life along the Orinoco River in Venezuela and Colombia. His characterization of local healing practices was informative, but critical of technique. Digital facsimile of the much corrected 1791 edition from the Internet Archive at this link.

Collins, a British doctor and planter, spent fourteen years in the Caribbean island of Saint Vincent. Written from the utilitarian perspective of a master, this handbook on slave medicine was intended to maximize the output of the plantation by minimizing labor losses due to disease. Collins emphasized providing appropriate diet, clothing, and housing while reducing or eliminating extreme forms of physical punishment. This book is an example of slave management as occupational medicine. Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.

This catalogue of Carrbean fish was the first scientific treatise printed in Cuba and also the first illustrated book printed in Cuba. Digital facsimile from Biodiversity Heritage Library at this link.

Translated into English by Aileen Porter as African ethnobotany: Poisons and drugs. Chemistry - Pharmacology - Toxicology (Chapman & Hall, 1996).

This translation by surgeon John Read contains the first printing of John of Arderne's writings on his operation for the cure of anal fistula, written originally about 1376. At one time John of Arderne practiced at Newark-on-Trent; he moved to London in 1370. See the edition by Sir D’Arcy Power, Treatises of fistula in ano, haemorrhoids, and clysters, London, Kegan Paul, 1910. See also No. 5557. Digital facsimile of the 1910 edition from the Internet Archive at this link. Prefixed to the translation is A complaint of the abuses of the noble art of chirurgerie, written in verse by Read.

Read's translation also contains the first English translation of the Hippocratic Oath.

Originally published in 1969.

"This is the first comprehensive study on a national scale of the entire range of medical practitioners who flourished in preindustrial and early industrial societies. Drawing on a wide variety of sources, it provides a richly detailed examination of medical practice as it existed in France during the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. Professor Ramsey argues that to penetrate this world, in many ways strangely different from our own, we must join two lines of inquiry: the history of the professions and the history of popular culture. The book considers not only the immediate ancestors of the modern medical profession - university-trained physicians who followed a liberal calling and surgeons who practiced a manual craft - but also the highly diverse group of practitioners who worked without legal authorization: traveling charlatans, local 'urine scanners,' folk healers using herbs and charms, counterwitches, and a great many ordinary people in other trades" (publisher).

Includes two plates printed in color by Edouard Dagoty. These were not included in later editions.  Digital facsimile of th 1782 edition from the Internet Archive at this link; of the 1787 edition at this link.

Focuses several chapters on the debates over innoculation for smallpox, and statistical measurement of results, statistical studies of the effect of climate on disease, etc.

Reception of foreign medical ideas and techniques through the case study of smallpox.

A study of cultural representations of women patients as recorded in the case records of Johann Storch (1681-1751), a physician who lived and worked in the town of Eisenach, Germany during the first half of the 18th century, including the medical histories of approximately 1800 women of all ages and social stations, often in their own words. Translated into English by Thomas Dunlap as The woman beneath the skin: A doctor's patients in eighteenth-century Germany (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1991

Second edition, 2010.

Covers the history of the WHO through a chronology, an introductory essay, appendices, and an extensive bibliography. The dictionary section has over 1000 cross-referenced entries on key bodies, programs, events and people. Pages 447-500 are an analytical bibliography of WHO publications.

1. Background
2. Disease classifications and nomenclature documents
3. History of international health organizations documents
4. League of Nations malaria documents
5. Rare books on plague, smallpox and epidemiology 

• 1.Big picture
  • 1.1Late 1700s–1930s (pre-WWII era)
  • 1.21940s–early 1960s (post-WWII era)
  • 1.3Late 1960s–1970s
  • 1.41980s–2000
  • 1.52000s and beyond
• 2.Full timeline
  • 2.1Inclusion criteria
  • 2.2Timeline
• 3.See also
  • 3.1General
  • 3.2Disease timelines
  • 3.3Healthcare by country
  • 3.4Others
• 4.References

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_global_health, accessed 12-2016).

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WHO_Model_List_of_Essential_Medicines (accessed 12-2016).

The first list, published in 1977, included 204 pharmaceutical drugs.^[1] The WHO updates the list every two years. The WHO later added a separate WHO Model List of Essential Medicines for Children up to 12 years of age.

As of 2016, at least 156 countries have created national lists of essential medicines based on the WHO's model list.^[2] The national lists contain between 334 and 580 medications.^[3]

See No. 4558.1

A massive encyclopedia based on historical principles, written by the leading authorities, and with detailed bibliographical references. Digital facsimile from the Hathi Trust at this link.

Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link.

See Gore, "A forgotten landmark medical study from 2932 by the Committee on the Cost of Medical Care," Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent). 2013 Apr; 26 (2): 142–143. Available from PubMedCentral at this link. See also, Ross, "The Committee on the Costs of Medical Care and the history of health insurance in the United States," Einstein Quart. J. Biol. Med. 19 (2002) 129-134. In December 2016 this was available at this link.

Digital facsimile from Hathi Trust at this link.

Explores why two countries that were very similar in many ways, struck out on radically divergent paths to public health insurance. Canada developed a universal single-payer system of national health care, while the United States opted for a dual system that combines public health insurance for low-income and senior residents with private, primarily employer-provided health insurance--sometimes no insurance-- for most other people. 

Publications of the University of Virginia, Phelps-Stokes fellowship papers, no. 18.

"From 1932 to 1972, the United States Public Health Service conducted a non-therapeutic experiment involving over 400 black male sharecroppers infected with syphilis. The Tuskegee Study had nothing to do with treatment. Its purpose was to trace the spontaneous evolution of the disease in order to learn how syphilis affected black subjects.

The men were not told they had syphilis; they were not warned about what the disease might do to them; and, with the exception of a smattering of medication during the first few months, they were not given health care. Instead of the powerful drugs they required, they were given aspirin for their aches and pains. Health officials systematically deceived the men into believing they were patients in a government study of “bad blood”, a catch-all phrase black sharecroppers used to describe a host of illnesses. At the end of this 40 year deathwatch, more than 100 men had died from syphilis or related complications." New and expanded edition, 1993.

The first book on medical photography. Digital facsimile from http://jubilotheque.upmc.fr at this link.

Vesalius's collected works with the famous woodcuts reproduced as copperplate engravings by Jan Wandelaar (1690-1759). Notably Boerhaave and Albinus had this edition published because Vesalius's works still had practical value for physicians early in the 18th century before the application of microscopy to anatomy. Digital facsimile from ECHO, Cultural Heritage Online at this link.

The standard annotated bibliography of Vesalius's works, known for its unusual system of numbering entries. Posthumously edited for publication by John F. Fulton and Arturo Castiglioni. Digital facsimile of the 1943 edition from whitney.yale.edu at this link. Second edition with addenda, Hamden, CT: Archon Books, 1962. See also Elly Cockx-Indestege, Andreas Vesalius: A Belgian census: Contribution towards a new edition of H.W. Cushing's Bibliography (Brussels, 1994).